Muscle Applications for the Trunk
Pectoralis Minor
Origin
Tendonous from the bones of the 2nd–5th ribs near the
cartilage–bone border
Insertion
Apex of the coracoid process
Function
Lowering the pectoral girdle, elevating the ribs during inspiration,
rarely functions alone (mainly with serratus
anterior and trapezius muscles)
Innervation
Medial and lateral pectoralis nerves (infraclavicular brachial plexus)
Application
This example illustrates a tonus-reducing muscle application to
the pectoralis minor.
The tape is measured from the 5th rib to the coracoid process with
the trunk in the maximum upright position.
The base is affixed to the insertion at the rib in the resting position.
The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with strong dorsal
skin displacement. The tape is then affixed
with 10% stretch over the muscle belly to the origin of the coracoid
process.
The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.
Pectoralis Major
Origin
Clavicular head: sternal half of the clavicle
Sternocostal head: ventral surface of the manubrium and body of
the sternum, cartilages of 2nd–6th ribs
Abdominal head: Tendonous from abdominal aponeurosis (sheath of
rectus abdominis muscle)
Insertion
Intertubercular groove of the humerus, fibers converge to a broad,
flat tendon which is inserted into the crest of the greater tubercle of the
humerus (the fibers of the clavicular head are inserted distally, those of the
abdominal head proximally).
Function
Strong adduction; inner rotation of arm towards the ventral surface
of the body.
Innervation
Medial and lateral nerves (infraclavicular brachial plexus)
Application
This example illustrates a tonus-reducing muscle application to
the pectoralis major.
The tape is measured from the insertion at the crest of the
greater tubercle of the humerus to the sternum
with adduction and external rotation (ER) of the arm.
The base is affixed to the insertion in the resting position.
The clavicular head and sternocostal head of the pectoralis major
are elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then
affixed with 10% stretch over the muscle to the origin at the sternum.
The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.
Rectus Abdominis
Origin
Cartilages of 5th, 6th, and 7th ribs, xiphoid process, and the ligaments
between the xiphoid process and the ribs.
Insertion
Pubic crest
Function
Distal origin: draws the sternum towards the pubis, most effective
flexor for bending the trunk forwards.
Proximal origin: draws the pubic bone towards the sternum while
tilting the pelvis backwards.
Innervation
Intercostal nerves (T5–T12).
Application
This example illustrates a tonus-increasing muscle application to
the rectus abdominis. The base lies on
the distal origin with the muscle function of drawing the sternum
towards the pubis.
The tape is measured from the origin at the crest of the pubis to the xiphoid process with trunk extension and flexion of the arm. The base is affixed to the origin in the resting position.
The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tapes are then affixed with 10% stretch over the left and right parts of the muscle up to the insertion at the ribs. The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated Position.
External Oblique
Origin
Arises from eight fleshy digitations, each originating from the
external surfaces and inferior borders of the 5th to 12th ribs .
Insertion
Iliac crest, inguinal ligament; caudally and ventrally the fibers
terminate in the aponeurosis.
The aponeuroses from either side merge on the anteriormside of the
linea alba.
Function
Proximal origin:
Pelvic extension and flexion of the lumbar vertebrae(LV)
Distal origin:
Unilaterally: bends the vertebral
column to the same side and rotates to the opposite side
Bilaterally: trunk flexor, lowers ribs
during exhalation
Innervation
Intercostal nerves (T5–T12)
Application
This example illustrates a tonus-increasing muscle application to
the external oblique abdominal muscle the origin lies distally.The tape is
measured from the origin at the iliac crest and the inguinal ligament to the
5th to 12th ribs with flexion of the right arm and flexion of the hip and knee
of the right leg with hip adduction.
The base is affixed to the insertion in the resting position. The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then applied with 10% stretch over the right part of the muscle to the insertion at the ribs.The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.
Internal Oblique
Origin
Arises from inguinal ligament, iliac crest, and the thoracolumbar fascia.
Insertion
Fan-shaped at 8th–12th ribs with aponeurosis at rib cartilages, at
the sternum, and below at the pubis. Anteriorly, the ligament fibers insert
into the linea alba on the opposite side.
Function
Proximal origin: Pelvic extension and continues as flexor of the
lumbar vertebrae
Distal origin:
Unilateral: bends trunk and rotates to the same side
Bilateral: trunk flexor, lowers the ribs during exhalation
Innervation
Intercostal nerves (T10–T12) and L1
Application
This example illustrates a tonus-increasing muscle application to
the internal oblique abdominal muscle; the origin lies distally. The tape is
measured from the origin at the iliac crest to the 8th to 12th ribs, with both
legs bent and turned to the right. The base is affixed to the origin in the
resting position.
The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then affixed with 10% stretch over the muscle on the right up to the point of insertion at the ribs.
The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.
Iliacus
Origin
Iliac fossa
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Anterior capsule of hip joint
Insertion
Lesser trochanter, adjacent to medial lip of the linea aspera
Function
Origin ilium: powerful flexion in the hip joint; involvement in adduction and
external rotation
Origin femur: attempts forward tilting of pelvis on both sides simultaneously
Innervation
Muscular branches (rami musculares) of the lumbar plexus
Application
This example illustrates a tonus-decreasing muscle application to
the iliacus. The origin in this
example is at the ilium.
The tape is measured from the insertion at the lesser trochanter
to the anterior inferior iliac spine, with hip extension, abduction, and
internal rotation. The base is affixed to the insertion in the resting position.
The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then affixed with 10% stretch over the muscle up to the origin at the anterior inferior iliac spine. The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.
Intrinsic Back Musculature (Erector Spinae), Application for the
Lumbar Region
Origin/Insertion
Lateral superficial tract: runs from the pelvis to the skull, long muscle bundles, divided
into intertranversal
and spinatotransversal muscles
Medial deep tract:
Straight system: interspinal and intertransversal
Oblique system: transversospinal
Function
Extension of the trunk
Innervation
Dorsal rami of the spinal nerves
Application
This example illustrates a tonus-reducing muscle application to
the lumbar region.
The tape is measured from the sacrum to the 12th thoracic vertebra with forward flexion of the trunk. The base is affixed to the insertion in the resting position. The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then affixed with 10% stretch paravertebrally over the muscle bundles up to T12.
Reference
Birgit Kumbrink
K-Taping An
Illustrated Guide
– Basics
– Techniques
– Indications
2nd edition
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