KTaping on the trunk muscles

Muscle Applications for the Trunk

Pectoralis Minor

Origin

Tendonous from the bones of the 2nd–5th ribs near the

cartilage–bone border

Insertion

Apex of the coracoid process

Function

Lowering the pectoral girdle, elevating the ribs during inspiration, rarely functions alone (mainly with serratus

anterior and trapezius muscles)

Innervation

Medial and lateral pectoralis nerves (infraclavicular brachial plexus)

Application

This example illustrates a tonus-reducing muscle application to the pectoralis minor.

The tape is measured from the 5th rib to the coracoid process with the trunk in the maximum upright position.

The base is affixed to the insertion at the rib in the resting position.

The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with strong dorsal skin displacement. The tape is then affixed

with 10% stretch over the muscle belly to the origin of the coracoid process.

The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.

Pectoralis Major

Origin

Clavicular head: sternal half of the clavicle

Sternocostal head: ventral surface of the manubrium and body of the sternum, cartilages of 2nd–6th ribs

Abdominal head: Tendonous from abdominal aponeurosis (sheath of rectus abdominis muscle)

Insertion

Intertubercular groove of the humerus, fibers converge to a broad, flat tendon which is inserted into the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus (the fibers of the clavicular head are inserted distally, those of the abdominal head proximally).

Function

Strong adduction; inner rotation of arm towards the ventral surface of the body.

Innervation

Medial and lateral nerves (infraclavicular brachial plexus)

Application

This example illustrates a tonus-reducing muscle application to the pectoralis major.

The tape is measured from the insertion at the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus to the sternum

with adduction and external rotation (ER) of the arm.

The base is affixed to the insertion in the resting position.

The clavicular head and sternocostal head of the pectoralis major are elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then affixed with 10% stretch over the muscle to the origin at the sternum.

The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.

Rectus Abdominis

Origin

Cartilages of 5th, 6th, and 7th ribs, xiphoid process, and the ligaments between the xiphoid process and the ribs.

Insertion

Pubic crest

Function

Distal origin: draws the sternum towards the pubis, most effective flexor for bending the trunk forwards.

Proximal origin: draws the pubic bone towards the sternum while tilting the pelvis backwards.

Innervation

Intercostal nerves (T5–T12).

 Application

This example illustrates a tonus-increasing muscle application to the rectus abdominis. The base lies on

the distal origin with the muscle function of drawing the sternum towards the pubis.

The tape is measured from the origin at the crest of the pubis to the xiphoid process with trunk extension and flexion of the arm. The base is affixed to the origin in the resting position.

The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tapes are then affixed with 10% stretch over the left and right parts of the muscle up to the insertion at the ribs. The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated Position.

External Oblique

Origin

Arises from eight fleshy digitations, each originating from the external surfaces and inferior borders of the 5th to 12^th ribs .

 Insertion

Iliac crest, inguinal ligament; caudally and ventrally the fibers terminate in the aponeurosis.

The aponeuroses from either side merge on the anteriormside of the linea alba.

Function

Proximal origin:

Pelvic extension and flexion of the lumbar vertebrae(LV)

Distal origin:

Unilaterally: bends the vertebral column to the same side and rotates to the opposite side

Bilaterally: trunk flexor, lowers ribs during exhalation

Innervation

Intercostal nerves (T5–T12)

Application

This example illustrates a tonus-increasing muscle application to the external oblique abdominal muscle the origin lies distally.The tape is measured from the origin at the iliac crest and the inguinal ligament to the 5th to 12th ribs with flexion of the right arm and flexion of the hip and knee of the right leg with hip adduction.

The base is affixed to the insertion in the resting position. The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then applied with 10% stretch over the right part of the muscle to the insertion at the ribs.The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.

Internal Oblique

Origin

Arises from inguinal ligament, iliac crest, and the thoracolumbar fascia.

Insertion

Fan-shaped at 8th–12th ribs with aponeurosis at rib cartilages, at the sternum, and below at the pubis. Anteriorly, the ligament fibers insert into the linea alba on the opposite side.

Function

Proximal origin: Pelvic extension and continues as flexor of the lumbar vertebrae

Distal origin:

Unilateral: bends trunk and rotates to the same side

Bilateral: trunk flexor, lowers the ribs during exhalation

Innervation

Intercostal nerves (T10–T12) and L1

Application

This example illustrates a tonus-increasing muscle application to the internal oblique abdominal muscle; the origin lies distally. The tape is measured from the origin at the iliac crest to the 8th to 12th ribs, with both legs bent and turned to the right. The base is affixed to the origin in the resting position.

The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then affixed with 10% stretch over the muscle on the right up to the point of insertion at the ribs.

The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.

Iliacus

Origin

Iliac fossa

Anterior inferior iliac spine

Anterior capsule of hip joint

Insertion

Lesser trochanter, adjacent to medial lip of the linea aspera

Function

Origin ilium: powerful flexion in the hip joint; involvement in adduction and external rotation

Origin femur: attempts forward tilting of pelvis on both sides simultaneously

Innervation

Muscular branches (rami musculares) of the lumbar plexus

Application

This example illustrates a tonus-decreasing muscle application to the iliacus. The origin in this

example is at the ilium.

The tape is measured from the insertion at the lesser trochanter to the anterior inferior iliac spine, with hip extension, abduction, and internal rotation. The base is affixed to the insertion in the resting position.

The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then affixed with 10% stretch over the muscle up to the origin at the anterior inferior iliac spine. The tape is rubbed with the muscle in the elongated position.

Intrinsic Back Musculature (Erector Spinae), Application for the Lumbar Region

Origin/Insertion

Lateral superficial tract: runs from the pelvis to the skull, long muscle bundles, divided into intertranversal

and spinatotransversal muscles

Medial deep tract:

Straight system: interspinal and intertransversal

Oblique system: transversospinal

Function

Extension of the trunk

Innervation

Dorsal rami of the spinal nerves

Application

This example illustrates a tonus-reducing muscle application to the lumbar region.

 The tape is measured from the sacrum to the 12th thoracic vertebra with forward flexion of the trunk. The base is affixed to the insertion in the resting position. The muscle is elongated and the base anchored with skin displacement. The tape is then affixed with 10% stretch paravertebrally over the muscle bundles up to T12.

 

Reference

Birgit Kumbrink

K-Taping An Illustrated Guide

– Basics

– Techniques

– Indications

2nd edition